Document Type : Scientific-research
Authors
1 PhD student in Philosophy, University of Tehran
2 Associate Professor in Philosophy, University of Tehran
Abstract
Mathematical, physical, and theological sciences are separate and segregated sciences, but concurrently have a kind of unity. This is not so-called generic unity, but as a consequence of the specific unity of the meaning of being, is a special structure called Analogical unity i.e unity according to priority and latency. This structure, on the one hand, is a factor for distinguishing scientific disciplines and preventing their mix-up, on the other hand, it warranties the integrity and unity of philosophy. Therefore"Philosophy" applies firstly upon theology, then upon physics, and according to priority and latency applies upon other sciences which themselves have parts that are arranged according to the same rule and construct the network of the system of sciences. In this article, we investigate how Aristotle accomplish this special unity. In the introductory books of metaphysics, Aristotle first, in the great Alfa, characterizes the wisdom or Sofia as knowledge of the first causes and principles, then in Beta in the first Aporia, shows the perplexity between the unity and multiplicity of wisdom, and in the next step in Gamma for eliminating this bewilderment establishes his specific theory, that is to say, the unifying structure in the multiplicity of wisdom. Therefore ought not to consider so-called general metaphysics as unit separate science but as second-order science, only establishes under the multiplicity of philosophical sciences.
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