Document Type : Scientific-research
Authors
Tehran university
Abstract
In first part of this article, we ask after historical and philosophical underground of metaphor. This underground is accentuated when we set the stage for a contrast. This contrast come to the fore as we notice the concordance between philosophy and metaphor-construction in Aristoteles and the discordance between Critical philosophy and Surrealism. Radical metaphor tries to resolve this discordance. Cassirer put metaphysics, metaphoric and metabasis together. Metaphors that are made through committing metabasis are very conditions of theoretical-conceptual thinking and make this possible. Metabasis that’s come from one of the Aristotle's prohibitions, means jumping from one genus to another one. So we run through this thesis with the help of our Ariadne's thread, say, Leibniz's principle: Natura non facit saltus. Classical Aristotelian metaphors are of analogical nature and meet with the Leibniz's principle. But surrealism brings about metaphors that transgress this Leibnizian principle. Cassirer resolve the problem with relocating Kopernikanische Drehung in his philosophy of culture. Language creates radical metaphors. Jumping from part to whole is the very basement that makes possible grasping the world in an aesthetically integral, view, no matter this view may distort the reality because this view is of innate standard. We distinguish between to meaning of Radical metaphor and proceed: Radical metaphor as fundamental metaphor and Radical metaphor as radically different metaphor.
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