Document Type : Scientific-research
Authors
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Philosophy and Islamic Theology, Imam Khomeini International University of Qazvin, Qazvin, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Science and Research, Imam Khomeini University of Qazvin, Qazvin, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy, Imam Khomeini University of Qazvin, Qazvin, Iran.
Abstract
Proving the external world is one of the issues that have been a concern of Heidegger since the beginning of his career. Throughout the course of his philosophical thought, Heidegger repeatedly attempts to recover the early Greek pre-Socratic experience of existence as φύσις (phosis). By tracing the roots of the words φύσις and nature, he rejects the translation of φύσις to nature and states that this translation became the reason for the deviation of philosophy and then science, as a result of which, in Kant's philosophy, the need to prove the external world was felt. Therefore, he tried to distance himself from scientism and the scientific view, and in referring to Greek thought, he showed that the lack of proof of the external world is not due to the neglect of Greek philosophers, but lies in their way of looking at the relationship between man and the world. To solve these problems, referring to Aristotle's philosophy, he interprets terms such as φύσις, επαγωγης, αιτια, ἀρχή, etc. In his opinion, for Aristotle, φύσις is the Being in itself and other terms such as αιτια, ἀρχή, and especially οὐσία should be redefined and interpreted in this regard. By presenting this interpretation, he shows that the relationship between man and Being is deeper than the need to prove Being. Being manifests before beings and before them for humans, and humans are able to exist through it.
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